Últimos números
Último Número. Vol.30, Nº 2 2023
Diagnóstico precoz de la enfermedad celiaca en una población de riesgo en atención primaria
Revista:
Volumen 27. 2020. Nº 1
Tipo de artículo:
Originales Resumen:
La enfermedad celiaca presenta una expresividad clínica muy variable, siendo habitualencontrar formas asintomáticas. Por ello, es recomendable realizar un cribadode dicha enfermedad en población de alto riesgo (familiar de primer grado y/o afectode enfermedades con asociación significativa con la enfermedad celiaca).
Se ha realizado de un estudio observacional, descriptivo y prospectivo controlado decasos pertenecientes a grupos de riesgo. Se les ha solicitado una serología de enfermedadceliaca desde atención primaria (anticuerpo antitransglutaminasa IgA e IgA total o bien la técnica corregida en casos de déficit de IgA). De la muestra inicial de125 pacientes, se ha excluido un 25% porque las pruebas analíticas realizadas no seajustaban a las indicaciones inicialmente propuestas. Eso sugiere la importancia dela adecuada y específica formación e información sobre los medios para la detección precoz de la enfermedad celiaca, tanto para los médicos como los profesionales dellaboratorio. De los 89 pacientes analizados, en 2 de ellos (2,1%) se han detectadoanticuerpos antitransglutaminasa positivo.
Actualmente, se debe recomendar una dieta sin gluten una vez confirmado el diagnóstico por un especialista gastroenterólogo, puesto que supone un impacto positivosobre el pronóstico a corto plazo y la prevención de otras enfermedades y complicaciones asociadas.
Celiac disease is a disorder with very variable clinical manifestations, being asymptomatic
forms usually found. Therefore, it is advisable to perform a screening in high-
risk population (first-degree relative and/or patients affected of diseases significantly
associated to celiac disease).
We have carried out an observational, descriptive and prospective study of cases
belonging to risk groups. From Primary Care, we performed a celiac serology to this
population (anti-transglutaminase IgA and total IgA antibody or the corrected technique
in cases of IgA deficiency). From the initial sample of 125 patients, 25% were
excluded because the tests performed did not comply with the indications. This suggests
the importance of specific training and information about celiac disease detection
tests, both for doctors and laboratory professionals. Of the 89 patients analysed,
positive antitransglutaminase antibodies were detected in 2 of them (2.1%).
Celiac disease is a disorder with very variable clinical manifestations, being asymptomaticforms usually found. Therefore, it is advisable to perform a screening in high-risk population (first-degree relative and/or patients affected of diseases significantlyassociated to celiac disease).
We have carried out an observational, descriptive and prospective study of casesbelonging to risk groups. From Primary Care, we performed a celiac serology to thispopulation (anti-transglutaminase IgA and total IgA antibody or the corrected techniquein cases of IgA deficiency). From the initial sample of 125 patients, 25% were excluded because the tests performed did not comply with the indications. This suggeststhe importance of specific training and information about celiac disease detectiontests, both for doctors and laboratory professionals. Of the 89 patients analysed,positive antitransglutaminase antibodies were detected in 2 of them (2.1%).
Currently, once the diagnosis is confirmed, a gluten-free diet should be recommended since it has a positive impact on the prognosis and prevention of other diseases and associated complications.
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